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饮用水源保护是确保饮用水安全的重要保障.为了深入探讨不同国家生态补偿的经验教训,以城市供水系统为案例,分析美国纽约州与中国北京密云水库在城市供水过程中生态服务付费的差异性.结果表明:虽然美国和中国之间的生态补偿制度具有一定的独特性,但美国在市郊水库为纽约市政供水过程中的补偿效应值得中国借鉴.中国的生态补偿中的关键步骤必须包括生态效益评价的数量化和货币化.此外,现有研究结果认为,美国在公众参与生态补偿全过程的做法值得中国效法,而中国的退耕还林工程的生态效率和效益值得美国借鉴.
Drinking water source protection is an important guarantee to ensure the safety of drinking water.In order to further explore the experiences and lessons of ecological compensation in different countries, taking urban water supply system as an example, this paper analyzes the differences in payment of ecological services in urban water supply between Mianyun, New York and Beijing, China The results show that although the ecological compensation system between the United States and China is unique, the compensation effect of the United States in suburban reservoirs for the New York municipal water supply should draw lessons from China, and the key steps in ecological compensation in China must include ecology In addition, the existing findings suggest that the public participation in the whole process of ecological compensation in the United States is worthy of China’s legal validation, while the ecological efficiency and effectiveness of the project of returning farmland to forestry in China deserve the United States’ reference.