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一、前言强烈地震在人口密集、房屋林立的城市附近发生,将会造成人口大量伤亡,建筑物倒塌,交通阻塞,通讯中断;还有可能发生火灾、水灾,爆炸等次生灾害,给国家和人民造成巨大的损失。为此城市抗震防灾工作已引起世界各国的重视,日本、美国、中国等已作了大量工作,力求提高城市的抗震能力,以减轻地震灾害。我国自唐山地震以来,对城市抗震防灾已给予了应有的重视,逐渐从个体建筑抗震扩大为城市抗震防灾,并在四十几个城市着手制定抗震规划,采取各种措施,以提高城市抗震能力。
I. INTRODUCTION Strong earthquakes occur in densely populated and housing-rich cities, which will result in large numbers of casualties, collapse of buildings, traffic jams, and disruption of communications; there may also be secondary disasters such as fires, floods, and explosions. The people caused huge losses. For this reason, the city’s earthquake-prevention and disaster prevention work has attracted the attention of all countries in the world. Japan, the United States, and China have done a great deal of work to improve the city’s ability to resist earthquakes in order to reduce earthquake disasters. Since the Tangshan Earthquake in China, we have given due attention to the city’s earthquake prevention and disaster prevention. We have gradually expanded the earthquake resistance of individual buildings into earthquake prevention and disaster prevention in cities. We have also formulated earthquake-resistance planning in more than forty cities and adopted various measures to increase Urban earthquake resistance.