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目的了解宁波市乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性母亲所生新生儿乙肝免疫球蛋白接种率及影响接种率的相关因素。方法采用多重抽样的方法随机选取宁波市医院机构分娩的产妇和新生儿为调查对象,查阅出生记录,利用自制的调查表摘录乙肝免疫球蛋白接种的相关信息并计算接种率。使用SAS统计软件建立logistic回归模型,筛选影响接种率的相关因素。结果共查阅产妇及新生儿病历3 613份,产妇HBsAg筛查率为100%,其中HBsAg阳性产妇287人,产妇HBsAg携带率7.94%(287/3 613)。实际调查病历276份,HBsAg阳性产妇所生新生儿乙肝免疫球蛋白接种率为92.75%,其中12h内接种率为58.70%,24h内接种率为84.06%。多因素分析显示,产妇户籍、医院类别、医院级别是影响乙肝免疫球蛋白及时接种的因素,OR(95%CI)分别为0.438(0.205～0.933)、0.322(0.153～0.681)、0.485(0.237～0.993),而产妇户籍是影响乙肝免疫球蛋白是否接种的因素。结论宁波市乙肝免疫球蛋白接种情况较好,但12h及时接种率有待提高。
Objective To understand the neonatal hepatitis B immunoglobulin vaccination rate and related factors affecting the vaccination rate of HBsAg positive mothers in Ningbo. Methods The multiple sampling method was used to randomly choose the maternal and newborn childbirths delivered by the hospital in Ningbo as the survey subjects, check the birth records and extract the information of hepatitis B immunoglobulin inoculation using the self-made questionnaire and calculate the vaccination rate. Logistic regression model was established by using SAS statistical software to screen the factors influencing the vaccination rate. Results A total of 3 613 cases of maternal and neonatal medical records were consulted. The screening rate of HBsAg was 100%, of which 287 were HBsAg positive and the rate of HBsAg was 7.94% (287/3 613). The actual medical records of 276 cases, HBsAg positive mothers born newborn hepatitis B immunoglobulin inoculation rate of 92.75%, of which 12h vaccination rate was 58.70%, 24h vaccination rate was 84.06%. Multivariate analysis showed that the proportion of OR (95% CI) were 0.438 (0.205-0.933), 0.322 (0.153-0.681) and 0.485 0.993), while the maternal hukou is the impact of hepatitis B immunoglobulin vaccination factors. Conclusion Hepatitis B immunoglobulin vaccination in Ningbo is better, but the timely vaccination rate at 12h needs to be improved.