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目的探讨孕妇头发砷含量及其相关影响因素与新生儿先天性心脏病(CHD)的关系,为临床预防胎儿CHD提供参考依据。方法选取本院2012年1月至2014年1月收治的确诊为胎儿CHD的孕妇50例作病例组,再选取50例本院同期收治的健康孕妇作为对照组。应用电感耦合等离子质谱法测定两组患者头发中砷含量,并对患者进行问卷调查,分析胎儿CHD与孕妇发砷含量及其他相关因素的关系。结果病例组与对照组孕妇发砷含量差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);复杂型CHD孕妇的发砷含量显著高于简单型CHD孕妇(P<0.05),与是否合并心外畸形无显著相关(P>0.05);相关因素分析结果显示,孕妇发砷含量、孕妇接触有毒物质及化学物质、丈夫吸烟、孕妇饮酒5个因素与胎儿CHD显著相关(P<0.05)。结论孕妇发砷含量增高以及接触化学物质、有毒物质、有饮酒习惯、丈夫吸烟等因素均可能导致胎儿CHD的发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between arsenic content in hair of pregnant women and its related factors and neonatal congenital heart disease (CHD), and to provide a reference for clinical prevention of fetal CHD. Methods 50 pregnant women diagnosed as CHD from January 2012 to January 2014 in our hospital were selected as the case group and 50 healthy pregnant women treated in the same period of our hospital were selected as the control group. The content of arsenic in the hair of two groups of patients was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The patients were investigated by questionnaire. The relationship between fetal CHD and arsenic content in pregnant women and other related factors were analyzed. Results The levels of arsenic in pregnant women were significantly higher than those in simple CHD pregnant women (P <0.05). The levels of arsenic in pregnant women with complicated CHD were significantly higher than those in simple CHD pregnant women (P <0.05) (P> 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that pregnant women with arsenic content, pregnant women exposed to toxic substances and chemical substances, smoking husband, pregnant women drinking 5 factors were significantly associated with fetal CHD (P <0.05). Conclusions Pregnant women who have high levels of arsenic and exposure to chemical substances, toxic substances, drinking habits and husband smoking may lead to the occurrence of fetal CHD.