动机与学生的学业成绩密切相关,它会受情境的影响,也会随时间发生改变。动机的分类有很多种,最常见的是外在动机与内在动机的二分法。真正促使一个人自主学习并在学业成绩上有所提高的是学习的内在动机。了解学生的学习动机并借此通过诱因利用内外部激励方法激励学生学习对于教师来说是非常重要的。从学生自身的角度看,目标和需要等因素都会作为他们学习的内在驱动力使他们更好地变“要我学习”为“我要学习”。 Motivation is closely related to a student’s academic performance. It can be influenced by situations and can change over time. There are many kinds of motivation classification, the most common is the dichotomy of external motivation and internal motivation. What really motivates oneself to study autonomously and improve it in academic performance is the intrinsic motivation of learning. It is very important for the teacher to understand the student’s motivation to learn and to motivate students to learn by using the internal and external motivation methods through incentives. From the perspective of the students themselves, the goals and needs, and other factors, will make them better able to become intrinsic drivers of their learning. “Ask me to learn” is “I want to learn.”