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目的:对春、冬两季种植青蒿的精油成分进行分析比较。方法:水蒸气蒸馏法提取青蒿精油,乙醚萃取浓缩。用GC-MS法对2种青蒿的精油成分进行分析鉴定。结果:从2种精油中共鉴定出41种化合物,其中蒿酮、樟脑、石竹烯氧化物、α-蛇床烯、桉叶素、香橙烯、表蓝桉醇等16种化合物是2种精油所共有的。冬蒿精油的主要成分为蒿酮、樟脑、石竹烯氧化物、α-蛇床烯、桉树脑等;春蒿精油则为樟脑、石竹烯氧化物、表蓝桉醇、α-蛇床烯等。除蒿酮含量在2种精油中差别较大外,另15种化合物的相对含量之和大致相同,分别为59.81%和63.82%。结论:结果表明基因型对青蒿精油的组成起决定作用;气候因素对各成分的相对含量有影响,尤其对蒿酮和樟脑的积累影响较大。
Objective: To analyze and compare the essential oil composition of Artemisia annua planted in spring and winter. Methods: The essential oil of Artemisia annua was extracted by steam distillation and concentrated by ether extraction. GC-MS method of two kinds of Artemisia essential oil components were identified. Results: A total of 41 compounds were identified from the two essential oils. Of the 16 compounds, 16 compounds were artemisia ketone, camphor, caryophyllene oxide, a-sertraline, cineole, Shared. Artemisia essential oil, camphor, caryophyllene oxides, a-snake bed ene, eucalyptol, etc .; spring artemisia essential oil camphor, coccous oxide, epicatechin, . Except for artemisinone, the relative contents of the other 15 compounds were almost the same, accounting for 59.81% and 63.82% respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that the genotype played a decisive role in the composition of Artemisia annua essential oil. The climatic factors affected the relative contents of each component, especially the accumulation of artemisia ketone and camphor.