提出了一种基于分布式布里渊光纤传感系统的温度快速测量方案。该方案基于外差相干检测原理,利用高速脉冲检波管对布里渊散射信号进行直接探测,从而缩短了测量时间;并结合累加平均与小波变换技术,减小了布里渊散射信号中的噪声,通过对去噪后的信号进行解调实现了长距离温度测量。实验结果表明,在24.8km的长度范围内,温度测量误差小于3℃,测量时间小于3s。 A fast temperature measurement scheme based on distributed Brillouin fiber sensing system is proposed. Based on the theory of heterodyne coherence detection, the proposed method detects the Brillouin scattering signal directly by using a high-speed pulsed wave detector, which shortens the measurement time. Combined with the averaging and wavelet transform, the proposed method reduces the noise in the Brillouin scattering signal , Through the de-noising signal demodulation to achieve long-distance temperature measurement. The experimental results show that the temperature measurement error is less than 3 ℃ and the measurement time is less than 3s within the length of 24.8km.