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经过几十年的发展,中国经济快速增长,并已经成为一个中等收入国家,如何使增长可持续,或者说不陷入“中等收入陷阱”就成为重要的议题。拉美作为较早开始工业化的地区,在一段时期内,经济快速增长,人民收入水平得到了很大的提高,但是自20世纪80年代债务危机爆发拉美经历了“失去的十年”以来,经济增长减速,大部分国家没能进入高收入行列。而自20世纪50年代以来开始工业化进程的东亚地区,不仅取得了快速的经济增长,也成功进入到高收入行列。比较东亚和拉美的经验与教训,对中国的经济如何实现可持续发展具有一定的借鉴意义。
After decades of development, China’s economy has been rapidly growing and has become a middle-income country. How to make its growth sustainable or not fall into the “middle-income trap” has become an important issue. As a region where industrialization began earlier, Latin America enjoyed a rapid economic growth and a substantial increase in people’s income level over a period of time. However, since Latin America experienced the “Decades of Defending” in the 1980s due to the outbreak of the debt crisis in the 1980s, Economic growth slowed, most countries failed to enter the ranks of high-income. In East Asia, which started industrialization since the 1950s, not only has rapid economic growth been achieved, but it has also successfully entered the ranks of high-income earners. Comparing the experiences and lessons from East Asia and Latin America has some reference to China’s economy on how to achieve sustainable development.