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“天下观”是传统中国文化精英对待异质文化群体的普遍心态。在近代中国受到西方文明冲击后,天下主义的内在要求使得中国知识分子在无法取得现实世界的中国至尊秩序后转向对未来人类文明之幻想中。在这种背景下,马克思列宁主义传入中国,并被中国共产党人加以符合天下观的改造。以中国共产党的基本民族理论为线索,我们可以考察传统的天下观与这些理论的关联,而中国共产党以此为指导的对中国民族的改造实践也是天下观的理想秩序在一定程度上的复兴。
“World Outlook ” is the common mentality of traditional Chinese cultural elites in treating heterogeneous cultural groups. After modern China was hit by Western civilization, the internal demands of the world doctrine made the Chinese intellectuals turn to the illusion of the future human civilization after they could not obtain the real order of China. In this context, Marxism-Leninism came to China and was conformed to the transformation of the world outlook by the Chinese communists. Taking the basic national theory of the Chinese Communist Party as a clue, we can examine the correlation between the traditional outlook on the world and these theories. However, the CPC’s practice of rebuilding the Chinese nation guided by the Chinese Communism is also a certain revival of the ideal order of the world outlook.