当前牧草新品种、栽培新技术层出不穷,在草地建设、饲料基地建设中,不仅国内牧草草种交流增多,国际间草种交流也相当频繁,于是常出现这样一些异常情况:在典型的热带、亚热带丘陵岗地区盲目引进草木樨、紫花苜蓿、白三叶、黑麦草等温带多年生草种;在华北潮土上引种亚热带酸性黄壤上高产的多年生皇竹草;把美国温带阔叶林区的苜蓿引种到温带针叶林区的呼盟;把宽叶多汁的温带多年生鲁梅克斯草引种到干旱的锡盟草原……盲目引种导致惨痛的经济损失。更值得关注的是,大量的工作是在懂技术的科研或行政人员指导下进行的。事实雄辩说明,仅懂农业栽培技术已远远不够,还必须掌握植物(包括农作物、牧草)生态学,这也说明了生态学的重要地位和作用。植物生态学就是研究植物和周围环境间关系的学问。具体地说就是研 At present, new species of forage and new cultivation techniques are emerging. In the construction of grassland and the construction of feed base, not only the increase of domestic forage and grass species but also the frequent exchanges of grass species in the world, so there are often some unusual situations in typical tropical and subtropical Hilly and hillside areas blindly introduced herbs such as alfalfa, alfalfa, white clover, ryegrass and other temperate perennial grasses; in the North China tidal soil introduction of subtropical acidic yellow perennial high yield perennial king bamboo grass; the United States temperate broad-leaved forest alfalfa species To temperate coniferous forests; introduction of the broad, juicy, temperate perennial Rumex into the arid grassland of Ximeng... Blind introduction leads to painful economic losses. Even more noteworthy is that a great deal of work is done under the guidance of scientific researchers or administrators. The fact is an eloquent explanation that it is far from enough to know only the cultivation techniques of agriculture and to master the ecology of plants (including crops and pastures), which also shows the important status and role of ecology. Plant ecology is the study of the relationship between plants and their surroundings. Specifically, research