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文章应用黄河上游唐乃亥水文站1920-2000年长系列年径流量资料及同期太阳黑子活动序列,用小波分析方法研究了年径流量和太阳黑子活动序列各自存在的主要周期。在此基础上,运用相关性理论对二者经小波变换后具有相同分辨率的时间序列进行相关性计算分析。结果表明:黄河上游地区径流量总体呈上升趋势,且主要存在2~3 a和6 a、9 a、100 a、40 a、22 a左右的周期。而太阳黑子活动序列变化较年径流量序列平稳,主要存在11 a、80 a、50 a、22 a左右和2~6 a的周期。同时,通过相关性分析,揭示了在大尺度下,黄河上游地区径流量与太阳黑子活动相关系数较高,径流受太阳黑子活动的影响比较明显,但在小尺度下,二者的关系并不明显。
By using the long series of annual runoff data from 1920 to 2000 and the sequence of sunspot activities in Tangnaihai hydrological station in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, the main periods of their respective annual runoff and sunspot activity sequences were studied by wavelet analysis. On this basis, the relevance theory is used to calculate the correlation between the two time series with the same resolution after wavelet transform. The results show that the runoff in the upper reaches of the Yellow River generally shows an upward trend, and there are mainly 2 ~ 3 a and 6 a, 9 a, 100 a, 40 a and 22 a cycles. However, the change of the sequence of sunspots was more stable than that of the annual runoff. There were mainly 11 a, 80 a, 50 a, 22 a and 2 ~ 6 a cycles. At the same time, through the correlation analysis, the correlation coefficient of runoff and sunspots activity in the upper reaches of the Yellow River is higher than that of the sunspot activities in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and the runoff is more affected by the activities of sunspots. However, at the small scale, the relationship between them is not obvious.