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自从现代美学诞生后,审美与自由的关系就成为美学与文论研究中的重要议题之一。文章将现代主义美学主张的审美自由与马克思主义美学所理解的审美自由作一番比较,指出,现代主义所倡导的审美自由与马克思主义提出的审美自由,二者的哲学基础不同,前者建立在现代主体性哲学话语基础上,后者建立在实践唯物主义基础上;二者的理论指向和目的不同,前者企图以精神和感性的超然来对抗现代主义的秩序化和同质化,带有浓厚的审美乌托邦幻想色彩,后者主张通过改变不合理的社会制度来反对资本主义异化和物化现实对人的奴役;二者对待现代性的态度不同,前者简单地批判反对社会现代性,后者从历史进步的高度于批判中赞成肯定社会现代性。
Since the birth of modern aesthetics, the relationship between aesthetics and freedom has become one of the most important topics in the study of aesthetics and literary theory. The article compares the aesthetic freedom advocated by modernist aesthetics with the aesthetic freedom understood by Marxist aesthetics and points out that the aesthetic freedom advocated by modernism and the aesthetic freedom proposed by Marxism differ from each other in their philosophical basis. The former is based on Based on modern subjective philosophical discourse, which is based on practical materialism. The two theories are different in purpose and purpose. The former attempts to confront modernism with the transcendence of spirit and sensibility, with a strong The latter advocates changing the irrational social system to oppose the alienation of capitalism and the materialized reality of human slavery. Both adopt different attitudes towards modernity. The former simply criticizes and opposes social modernity, and the latter from The height of historical progress is in favor of affirming social modernity in criticism.