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1978年12月18日,党的十一届三中全会在北京举行。大会作出了实行改革开放的伟大决策,中国开始了举世瞩目的历史转变。30年间,中国从经济濒临崩溃的边缘转而成为全球第四大经济体;30年间,万物肆意生长,尘埃与曙光升腾,江河汇聚成川,山丘崛起为峰。这是国力从萎靡到迸发的30年,更是个人生存空间、自由选择和民生民权得以舒张的30年。或许上上个世纪末流行的一句话能概括这种变革——这是“三千年未有之变局”。这场变革所带来的巨大的经济成就,以及中国在国际社会中身份和角色的转变,结结实实地落到我们每一个人的生活之中。在2008年大幕开启、改革开放进入第30个年头的时候,北京大学中国经济研究中心主任林毅夫教授、中央财经大学校长王广谦等经济学家在纪念中国改革开放30年学术研讨会上,就中国改革开放30年进行了回顾与前瞻。现摘编部分主题发言,以飨读者。
On December 18, 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party was held in Beijing. The assembly made a great policy of carrying out the policy of reform and opening up. China has started a historical shift that has attracted worldwide attention. In the 30 years, China turned itself from the brink of economic collapse to become the fourth largest economy in the world. In 30 years, everything grew indiscriminately, the dust and the dawn rose, the rivers converged into rivers, and the hills rose to the peak. This is the 30 years since China’s sluggishness burst into power. It is also a period of 30 years in which personal living space, freedom of choice and people’s livelihood and civil rights can be eased. Perhaps the most popular phrase at the end of the last century can summarize this change - this is “a change that has not occurred in three thousand years.” The tremendous economic achievements brought about by this change and the transformation of China’s identity and role in the international community have come to a solid end in the lives of each and every one of us. When the curtain was opened in 2008 and the reform and opening up entered its 30th year, economists such as Lin Yi-fu, director of China Center for Economic Research at Peking University and Wang Guangqian, president of Central University of Finance and Economics, at the 30-year academic seminar on China’s reform and opening up, 30 years of reform and opening up were reviewed and forecast. Now pick up some of the keynote speakers to readers.