中国古代艺术发展的规律,总是由粗俗到高雅,而有幸发展为宫廷内的高雅艺术的当以戏曲为最。戏曲自产生起,就成为俗文学的主要形式之一;它本身具有的酬神、教化、娱乐等功能,又使其有幸成为元明以来宫廷艺术的主要形式。因此,戏曲作为综合性艺术,比小说幸运得多,是中国古代艺术发展史上从皇帝到平民上上下下都欢迎的、雅俗共赏的艺术,这不能不说是一种十分奇特的现象。在这雅俗共赏的过程中,实现了雅俗艺术观点的相互交流、渗透、融合,从而使戏曲流派纷呈,名脚辈出。而所谓雅艺术,往往是以宫廷艺术为典范,故 The laws governing the development of ancient Chinese art are always from vulgarity to elegance, and fortunate enough to develop into the elegant art within the court, the most important is drama. Since its creation, opera has become one of the main forms of popular literature. Its own functions of remuneration, enlightenment and entertainment have also made it fortunate to become the main form of court art since Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Therefore, as a comprehensive art, the opera is much more fortunate than the novel. It is a very strange phenomenon which is popular with both the top and the bottom in the history of ancient Chinese art from the emperor to the common people. In this elegant and popular process, the realization of the elegance and vulgar art point of view of mutual exchange, infiltration, integration, so that the genre of drama drama, famous. The so-called Ya art, often court art as a model, so