文化相对主义认为每一种文化都是一个不可重复的独立的体系,它强调文化的差异性和发展的非规律性;绝对的价值标准是不存在的,一切文化的价值都是相对的。坚持文化相对主义会导致道德相对主义,然而道德相对主义有其自身严重的缺陷。要避免这种缺陷,就要求建立一种公众普遍认可的道德共识。人类社会实践证明,在伦理观念上人们可以建立一种“最低限度的共识”。如何在多元文化的背景下寻求道德共识,是探讨的主要问题。 Cultural relativism holds that every culture is an unrepeatable and independent system, which emphasizes cultural differences and non-regularities of development. Absolute values ​​do not exist, and all cultural values ​​are relative. Adherence to cultural relativism leads to moral relativism, however, moral relativism has its own serious flaws. To avoid such defects requires the establishment of a generally accepted ethical consensus among the public. Human social practice has proved that people can establish a “minimum consensus” on ethical concepts. How to seek a moral consensus in a multicultural context is the main issue to be explored.