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目的探讨脆性组氨酸三联体(FHIT)基因和p53基因在结肠癌中的表达及其与临床病理因素的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学链菌素亲生物素-过氧化酶法(SP法)法检测74例结肠癌组织中FHIT和p53的表达。结果FHIT和p53在结肠癌中表达率分别为52．7%和56．8%。FHIT蛋白的丢失在结肠癌中占47．3%,FHIT蛋白低表达癌在癌组织学分级中的分布为低分化癌10/12,高中分化癌25/62,；在Dukes分期中的分布为C、D期癌23/37,A、B期癌12/37；在有淋巴转移组中为23/37,无淋巴转移组中为12/37。30例获访病例中,FHIT蛋白低表达癌在5年随访病例组中的分布为5年生存组为6/17,5年死亡组为10/13。两者与结肠癌的分化程度、病理分期(Dukes分期)、淋巴转移情况和五年生存率均有明显相关(P＜0．05)。结论结肠癌组织中FHIT蛋白的丢失是频发事件,FHIT可能是结肠癌发生中重要的抑癌基因；FHIT和p53的表达,可作为评估结肠癌高危因素和恶性生物学行为的参考指标。
Objective To investigate the expression of FHIT gene and p53 gene in colon cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological factors. Methods Immunohistochemical streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method (SP method) was used to detect the expression of FHIT and p53 in 74 cases of colon cancer. Results The expression rates of FHIT and p53 in colon cancer were 52.7% and 56.8% respectively. FHIT protein loss in colon cancer accounted for 47.3%, FHIT protein low expression of cancer in the histological grading of the distribution of poorly differentiated cancer 10/12, high differentiated cancer 25/62 ,; Dukes in the distribution of C, D stage carcinoma 23/37, stage A, B cancer 12/37; in lymph node metastasis group 23/37, non-lymphatic metastasis group was 12 / 37.30 cases visited cases, FHIT protein low expression The distribution of cancer in the 5-year follow-up case group was 6/17 in the 5-year survival group and 10/13 in the 5-year death group. Both of them were significantly correlated with the degree of differentiation, pathological stage (Dukes stage), lymph node metastasis and five-year survival rate (P <0.05). Conclusion The loss of FHIT protein in colon cancer tissues is a frequent event. FHIT may be an important tumor suppressor gene in colon carcinogenesis. The expression of FHIT and p53 may serve as a reference index for assessing the risk factors and malignant behavior of colon cancer.