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目的为了解降氟改水后昌平区饮水型地方性氟中毒的流行病学概况及消长趋势,为今后的防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法在昌平区氟中毒流行区按轻、中、重病区共抽查6个病区村,调查改水情况,改水设施运转情况和监测居民户饮用水氟含量,依照Dean氏氟斑牙分度法对8～12岁儿童和30岁以上成年人进行氟斑牙调查并检测8～12岁儿童的尿氟含量。结果检测饮用水12份,水氟值均符合不高于1.0 mg/L的标准。调查8～12岁学龄儿童145名,氟斑牙患病率为16.55%,氟斑牙指数0.56,尿氟均数为0.80 mg/L。共调查30岁以上成人460人,氟斑牙患病率为67.72%。结论改水20年昌平区氟中毒病情总体呈下降趋势。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status and trend of endemic fluorosis in Changping drinking water district after the fluoride is removed from water, and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and treatment work. Methods stratified cluster sampling method in the prevalence of fluorosis in Changping District, according to light, moderate and severe ward of a total of six ward villages, to investigate the water change, water facilities and monitoring the operation of household water fluoride content, according to The dental fluorosis method was used to investigate dental fluorosis in children aged 8-12 years and adults over the age of 30 years. Results 12 samples of drinking water were tested, and the water fluoride values all met the standards of not higher than 1.0 mg / L. A total of 145 school-age children aged 8-12 years were enrolled. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was 16.55%. The dental fluorosis index was 0.56. Urine fluoride was 0.80 mg / L. A total of 460 adults over the age of 30, the prevalence of dental fluorosis was 67.72%. Conclusion In the 20 years of water improvement, fluorosis in Changping District showed a general downward trend.