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嗜线虫致病杆菌属Xenorhabdus和发光杆菌属Photorhabdus细菌隶属肠杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae,对多种害虫致病能力强,分别与斯氏属Steinernema和异小杆属Heterorhabditis昆虫病原线虫互惠共生。该两属共生细菌既存在对昆虫寄主的病原性,又存在与线虫寄主的共生性。共生细菌与其线虫寄主的共生性主要表现以下4方面:(1)细菌产生食物信号诱导滞育不取食的感染期线虫恢复;(2)细菌为线虫生长与繁殖提供营养;(3)细菌能于感染期线虫的肠道定殖与生长;(4)细菌产生杀线虫毒素杀死非共生线虫。本文综述了共生菌以上4方面的共生性及其相关的分子机制。
Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus belong to Enterobacteriaceae, which is highly pathogenic to many pests and mutually symbiotic with Steinernema and Heterorhabditis. The two symbionts have both the pathogenicity of insect hosts and the symbionts with nematode hosts. Symbiotic bacteria and its nematode host symbionts mainly in the following four aspects: (1) bacteria produce food signal-induced diapause infestation nematode recovery; (2) bacteria to provide nutrition for nematode growth and reproduction; (3) bacteria can Colonization and growth of the nematode during infection; and (4) production of nematocidal toxins by bacteria to kill non-symbiotic nematodes. This article reviews the symbionts and their related molecular mechanisms.