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一、计划经济和市场调节在社会主义经济运行中的方位计划经济包括计划经济制度、国民经济计划管理和计划调节手段等多层次涵义。计划经济首先是一种制度,而不能简单地视其为一种调节形式和手段。依据公有制的要求,计划经济是要解决在社会规模上配置资源,把社会总劳动按比例分配于各个部门,以实现公有制整体利益,实现社会经济有计划按比例协调发展。从这个意义上说,计划经济是公有制的实现形式和制度保障。没有计划经济,就谈不上社会主义。而商品经济从来就没有过独立存在的形式,总是寓于一定的生产关系中并呈现出特殊的规定性。反映公有制商品经济要求的市场调节。只能是从微观上调节企业之间的交换行为和各种相关的短期经济变量。而不能解决以整体利益一致为基础的在社会规模上的长期资源配置问题。只有在资本主义市场经济条件下,当着财产私有化、决策高度分散化,包括劳动力在内的生产要素完金商品化、市场化时,市场自发作用才能成为在全社会范围内
First, the planned economy and market regulation in the operation of the socialist economy orientation Planned economy, including the planned economic system, the national economic plan management and program adjustment means multi-level meaning. The planned economy is, above all, a system that can not simply be regarded as a form of regulation and means. According to the requirements of public ownership, the planned economy is to solve the problem of allocating resources on a social scale and allocating the total social labor in all sectors in proportion, so as to realize the overall interest of public ownership and realize the coordinated and coordinated development of social economy in a planned manner. In this sense, the planned economy is the realization form and system guarantee of public ownership. Without a planned economy, there can be no socialism. The commodity economy has never been an independent existence of the form, always in a certain relationship of production and presents a special regulation. Market Regulation Reflecting the Economic Requirements of Public Goods. Only from the micro-regulation of exchange behavior between enterprises and various related short-term economic variables. But can not solve the problem of long-term resource allocation on the social scale based on the unification of overall interests. Only under the conditions of capitalist market economy, when the privatization of property, the highly decentralized decision-making, the commercialization of factors of production including labor force, and the commercialization of marketization, can the market’s spontaneous role become the target of the whole society