刘知几之前,对史家个人修养的讨论一般集中在道德素养方面。章氏之史德突破了在道德修养的范围内谈史家修养的局限,然而后人对“史德”的理解仍然存在诸多误解。本文拟将章氏以前的史家修养思想与章氏的史德相比较,进而发见章氏对史家修养理论的新发展。 Prior to Liu Zhiji, the discussion of personal accomplishments of historians generally focused on moral literacy. Zhang Shi’s virtue breaks through the limitations of the historian’s cultivation within the scope of moral cultivation. However, there are still many misunderstandings in his understanding of “Shi De ”. This article intends to compare Zhang’s previous historian’s cultivation thoughts with that of Zhang’s, and then sends out the new development of Zhang’s theory of cultivation of historians.