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油气井出砂是石油开采过程中遇到的重要问题之一,每年要花费大量人力物力进行防治和研究。其危害表现在:①减产或停产作业;②套管损坏、油井报废。采用了以下方法进行防砂:①采用长柱塞防砂泵;②采用高分子防砂管;③采用抑砂剂防砂工艺;④脲醛树脂及固砂剂类防砂工艺;⑤绕丝筛管砾石充填防砂工艺。通过一段时间的研究和应用,得出以下结论:①由于出砂特点和程度不同,防砂工艺也应具有多样性和复杂性;②出砂不太严重的井应采用简单的防砂工艺;③对出砂严重的井应采用砾石充填防砂;④防砂要做到机械防砂和化学防砂有机结合,以机械防砂为主;⑤防砂工作要做到地层解堵、深部抑砂预处理、防止砂砾运移和部分粉细砂顺利排出四个方面的有机结合。
Oil and gas well sand production is one of the important problems encountered in the process of oil exploration, each year to spend a lot of manpower and resources for prevention and research. Its harm manifested in: ① cut or stop production operations; ② casing damage, oil wells scrapped. The following methods are used for sand control: ① long plunger sand control pump; ② polymer sand control; ③ sand inhibitor sand control process; ④ urea-formaldehyde resin and sand-fixing agent sand control process; ⑤ wire sieve gravel packing sand control technology . Through a period of research and application, the following conclusions can be drawn: ① Due to the different characteristics and degree of sand production, the sand control technology should be diversified and complex; ② The sand control technology with less serious sand production should adopt the simple sand control technology; Sand wells should be gravel sand filling sand; sand control to achieve mechanical sand and chemical control of sand organic combination of mechanical sand control; ⑤ sand control work to do stratospheric plugging, deep sand suppression pretreatment to prevent the gravel migration And part of the smooth discharge of fine sand organic combination of the four aspects.