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目的了解某医学高校报考研究生学生的健康状况,为报考研究生学生的预防保健提供依据。方法统计2006-2008年间,在某高校医院接受健康体检的1 358名报考硕士或博士研究生的体检结果(内外科、眼科、实验室检查),将不同性别进行比较。结果尿酮体阳性检出率为3.24%,其中女生占4.04%,显著高于男生。尿中白细胞和尿潜血的检出率分别为6.19%和10.68%,女生均显著高于男生。尿蛋白阳性检出率为3.60%,男女生差异无统计学意义。外周血白细胞总数低于正常值者占受检者的8.98%,男女差异无统计学意义。血红蛋白低于正常值者占受检者的2.21%,女生显著高于男生。转氨酶高于正常值者占受检者的8.17%,乙肝表面抗原阳性者占受检者的4.71%,男生均显著高于女生。高血压或正常高限者占受检者的3.76%,男性显著高于女性。结核和色弱者分别占受检者的0.37%和0.29%,均为男性。结论女生需要注意泌尿系统疾病的预防,男生需要注意肝脏的保护,预防高血压,有规律锻炼身体以增强自身抵抗力。
Objective To understand the health status of postgraduate students in a medical college and provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of postgraduate students. Methods Statistical results of 1 358 postgraduate or doctoral candidates (internal and external medicine, ophthalmology and laboratory examinations) from 2006 to 2008 in a university hospital were compared for different sex. Results The positive rate of urine ketone body was 3.24%, of which 4.04% were girls, which was significantly higher than that of boys. Urine white blood cells and urine occult blood detection rates were 6.19% and 10.68%, girls were significantly higher than boys. Urinary protein positive detection rate of 3.60%, no significant difference between boys and girls. The total number of peripheral white blood cells below the normal accounted for 8.98% of subjects, no significant difference between men and women. Hemoglobin below normal accounted for 2.21% of subjects, girls were significantly higher than boys. A transaminase higher than normal accounted for 8.17% of subjects, hepatitis B surface antigen positive accounted for 4.71% of subjects, boys were significantly higher than girls. Hypertension or normal high limit accounted for 3.76% of subjects, men were significantly higher than women. Tuberculosis and color weakness accounted for 0.37% and 0.29% of the subjects, both men. Conclusion Female students need to pay attention to the prevention of urinary tract diseases, boys need to pay attention to the protection of the liver to prevent high blood pressure, exercise regularly to enhance their own resistance.