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在西方 2 0世纪诗学的诸多变革中 ,文学语言观的变革具有革命性的意义。语言表达的局限由来已久 ,但 2 0世纪语言与人的存在愈加密切 ,语言在诗学中的地位凸显出来 ,语言观的变革引起了现代诗学观念的根本变化。其中俄国形式主义和英美“新批评”完成了语言观由传统向现代的转换。它们一方面承认语言的表达功能 ,同时又表现出对语言表现力的怀疑。它们摆脱了语言崇拜的观念 ,并在理论中发掘语言表达的可能性。结构主义和解构主义则宣告了传统语言观的彻底终结。人不能表达自己和世界 ,作品成了开放的世界。现代文学的语言实践为诗学的发展提供了理论背景和动力 ,二者之间的相互影响提高了语言的表现力。人类将会在语言的永久“困惑”中继续提高其表现力。
In the many changes of the 20th century poetics in the West, the revolution in literary language concept has revolutionary significance. The limitation of language expression has existed for a long time. However, in the 20th century, the existence of language and man became more and more close. The status of language in poetics became prominent. The change of language concept caused the fundamental change of modern poetics. Among them, Russian formalism and Anglo-American “new criticism” have completed the transition from a traditional view to a modern one. On the one hand, they recognize the expressive function of language while at the same time show their doubts about the expressiveness of language. They get rid of the idea of language worship and explore the possibility of language expression in theory. Structuralism and deconstructionism declare the complete end of the traditional language view. People can not express themselves and the world, the work has become an open world. The language practice of modern literature provides the theoretical background and impetus for the development of poetics. The mutual influence between them enhances the expressive power of language. Humans will continue to improve their expressiveness in the permanent perplexity of language.