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目的分析中国曾开展慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)患病率调查和在重庆市开展慢性乙肝患病率调查试点的相关资料,探讨慢性乙肝患病率的调查方法。方法比较4次慢性乙肝患病率调查的方法、对象、病例定义和调查结果,重点分析在重庆市开展慢性乙肝患病率调查试点的经验与方法。结果4次调查慢性乙肝年龄别标化患病率分别为2 771.4/10万、158.25/10万、115.77/10万、707.97/10万。运用问卷调查与实验室检测、临床辅助检查来筛查的慢性乙肝病例差别显著。结论在中国开展慢性乙肝患病率调查应考虑乙肝的病原学和流行病学特征。在进行病例筛查时,应以实验室检测和临床辅助检查为主,问卷调查为辅。
Objective To analyze the prevalence survey of chronic hepatitis B (hepatitis B) in China and the pilot study on the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B in Chongqing to investigate the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B. Methods The methods, objects, case definitions and survey results of four chronic hepatitis B prevalence survey were compared. The experience and methods of carrying out the pilot survey of chronic hepatitis B prevalence in Chongqing were analyzed emphatically. Results The standardized rates of age-standardized chronic hepatitis B in 4 surveys were 2771.4 / 100000, 158.25 / 100000, 115.77 / 100000, 707.97 / 100000 respectively. The use of questionnaires and laboratory tests, clinical screening to check the case of chronic hepatitis B significant difference. Conclusion To investigate the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B in China, the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B should be considered. In the case of screening, laboratory tests and clinical laboratory tests should be based, supplemented by questionnaires.