论文部分内容阅读
成功的肿瘤化疗途径主要取决于抗肿瘤药物对体内癌细胞的破坏能力。对于某些类型的恶性肿瘤这已可做到,但是所用的剂量对机体正常组织也有高度的毒性。对人体的某些毒性作用,诸如骨髓抑制、恶心和呕吐,因可得以妥善处理,在临床上仍可被接受。然而对某些重要器官如肝、肾、心脏或肺的累积性与不可逆性的损伤仍令人忧虑,从而影响化疗的应用。例如用博莱霉素、阿霉素或顺铂连续治疗可分别引起危及生命的肺、心脏或肾脏功能的衰竭,为此,尽管有良好的抗肿瘤反应,也不得不中止使用。
Successful cancer chemotherapy depends primarily on the ability of antitumor drugs to destroy cancer cells in the body. This can already be done for certain types of malignancies, but the doses used are also highly toxic to the body’s normal tissues. Some of the toxic effects on the human body, such as myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, can be properly managed and clinically accepted. However, cumulative and irreversible damage to certain important organs such as the liver, kidney, heart or lung is still worrying, which affects the application of chemotherapy. For example, continuous treatment with bleomycin, doxorubicin, or cisplatin can cause life-threatening lung, heart, or kidney function failures, and for this reason, despite good anti-tumor responses, they have to be discontinued.