子宫肌瘤是妇科常见的良性肿瘤,传统的子宫切除或肌瘤挖除疗法存在创面大、术后复发率高等缺点。子宫动脉栓塞术(UAE)是近年来用于治疗子宫肌瘤的新方法,具有操作简单、创伤小、可保留生育能力的优点。综述了子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的解剖学基础、临床疗效、操作方法、常见并发症及影响因素。临床研究证实,经子宫动脉栓塞术治疗后,患者的肌瘤体积显著缩小,出血、疼痛、月经紊乱等症状明显改善,使用UFS-QOL和HRQOL评分方法可评价患者症状的改善,生活质量明显提高。 Uterine fibroids are common benign tumors of gynecology, traditional hysterectomy or myomectomy there is a large wound, recurrence rate higher shortcomings. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a new method for the treatment of uterine fibroids in recent years, with the advantages of simple operation, less trauma and retention of fertility. The anatomical basis, clinical efficacy, operation method, common complications and influencing factors of uterine fibroids were summarized. Clinical studies confirmed that after uterine artery embolization, the patient’s fibroids volume was significantly reduced, bleeding, pain, menstrual disorders and other symptoms improved significantly, the use of UFS-QOL and HRQOL score can be evaluated in patients with symptoms improved, quality of life improved significantly .