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根据缓倾斜多层矿床特征,构建物理相似材料模型,采用相似模拟试验方法,研究前进式和后退式回采顺序开采矿床的围岩应变变化、巷道围岩应变变化和地表沉降及其演变规律,探讨嗣后充填采矿法回采上横山矿合理的回采顺序。结果表明:围岩的变形破坏依矿、岩层不同呈现出明显的不连续性和间歇性,矿、岩层边界附近应变变化梯度较大;前进式回采较后退式回采拉应变状态区域少15.28%;随采场与巷道间距的增加,巷道顶板和近矿体侧帮应变状态具有压应变向拉应变变化的趋势;地表沉降范围具有不以采空区为中心对称的特点。前进式回采顺序是较好的回采顺序。
Based on the characteristics of gently sloping multi-deposit, a physical analogue material model was constructed and similar simulation tests were conducted to study the changes of surrounding rock strain, the surrounding rock strain changes and surface subsidence and its evolution in the forward and reverse recovery mining sequences Subsequent filling mining law recovery of Yokoyama reasonable mining order. The results show that the deformation and failure of surrounding rock are obviously discontinuous and intermittent depending on the type of ore and rock strata. The gradient of strain change near the boundary of ore and rock strata is relatively large. The area of progressive strain recovery is 15.28% less than that of the withdrawing mode. With the increase of the stope and the roadway spacing, the strain state of the roof and near-ore body of the roadway has the trend of compressive strain and tensile strain changing. The surface subsidence area has the characteristics of not being gob-centered. Forward mining sequence is better recovery sequence.