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本文讨论了Van der Poel等人研究过的沥青的特性,同时引进适用于任何温度与荷载随时间变化条件下的一般流变方程,沥青的性状似乎可近似地看成是理想的简化热流变玻尔兹曼体。用改进的模型来予测处于均匀降温时完全约束的沥青层所产生的热应力。可以断言,在寒冷的的气候条件下,如果屋面温度明显下降,而使用的又是温度特别敏感的沥青的地方,那么就存在沥青开裂的危险。沥青的经久硬化(agehardening)实质上增加了这种开裂的危险。用高针入度指标的沥青或经适当改性而具有相同作用的沥青,可使开裂的危险降低到最小程度。
This paper discusses the properties of bitumen studied by Van der Poel et al., Introducing the general rheological equations applicable to any temperature and load change over time. The bitumen behavior seems to be approximatively considered to be an ideal simplified thermal rheological glass Erzman body. An improved model is used to predict the thermal stress generated by a fully constrained bitumen layer at a uniform temperature drop. It can be asserted that in cold climates there is a danger of asphalt cracking if the temperature of the roof drops significantly, using a bit of temperature-sensitive asphalt. The age hardening of asphalt substantially increases the risk of such cracking. Bitumen with a high penetration index or bitumen modified appropriately to have the same effect reduces the risk of cracking to a minimum.