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一、旧悬案与新起点义和团反帝爱国运动发生在十九、二十世纪交替时期,当时错综复杂的国内外的政治、社会环境及这场运动所打击的目标、提出的口号、组织形式和斗争方法等情况的特殊性,历来成为研究者争论辩难的重点。仅近40多年间,共发表论文近800篇,出版专著10余种、资料书20多种,其成就可谓蔚为大观。早在义和团运动时期的争论有两种不同的情况:一是封建官绅之间的激烈论争。其中一派以山东巡抚张汝梅为代表,他们通过
I. Old Suspects and a New Starting Point The Boxers’ Antagonistic Patriotic Movement Occurred During the Period of the Twenties and the Nineteenth Centuries, the Complex Political and Social Environment at Home and Abroad at That Time and the Targets, Propositions, Organizational Forms and Struggle Made by the Campaign Methods and other special circumstances, has always become the focus of debate debates researchers. In the past 40 years or so, a total of nearly 800 papers were published, over 10 kinds of monographs were published and more than 20 kinds of information books were published. Its achievements can be described as spectacular. There are two different kinds of arguments as early as during the Boxer Rebellion. The first is the fierce debate among feudal officials and gentry. One of them, represented by Shandong governor Zhang Rumei, passed by them