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固体象感器(诸如电荷耦合器件——CCD)正在被考虑作为将来用于飞行器高精度姿态控制的星探测器的探测装置。这类器件在电-光能方面可以达到标准(或满足要求)除了它们具有胜过其它类型象扫描器的明显实际优点外,还具有独树一帜的优点——象的几何稳定性。然而,由于现代半导体工艺技术本身的不完善,若想用它得到完美的特性,尚需进行些复杂的校正手续。这类探测器的另一些不足之处,如成象幅度小,给光学系统设计带来麻烦。采取措施克服这些设计上的困难时,必须照顾到对星探测器在重量、尺寸、能耗以及可靠性方面的严格限制。本文例举两个具体的星探测器来对这些问题展开讨论。第一个是1弧秒精度的通用星探测器,第二是10～30弧秒精度的北极星探测器。
Solid image sensors, such as charge-coupled devices (CCDs), are being considered as detection devices for star detectors for future high-precision attitude control of aircraft. Such devices can meet the standards (or meet the requirements) in terms of electro-optical energy, in addition to their obvious practical advantages over other types of image scanners, as well as the unique advantages of elephant geometric stability. However, due to the imperfections of the modern semiconductor technology itself, some complex calibration procedures are still needed if it is to be used to obtain the perfect characteristics. Other disadvantages of such detectors, such as low imaging magnitudes, present problems in optical system design. When steps are taken to overcome these design difficulties, the strict limits on the weight, size, energy consumption, and reliability of the Star Detector must be taken into account. This article presents two specific star detectors to discuss these issues. The first is a generic star detector with an accuracy of 1 arc second and the second is a Polaris detector with an accuracy of 10 to 30 arc seconds.