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以中国西北荒漠地区的10种锦鸡儿属(Caragana)植物的叶片为对象,通过光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜的观察,选择叶片厚度、气孔密度、绒毛盖度、角质层厚度等10项叶片结构指标对叶肉细胞解剖结构和表皮微形态结构进行了研究,探究10种锦鸡儿对干旱环境的适应特征,并用层次聚类分析法进行分类和模糊数学隶属函数值法进行抗旱性综合评价。结果表明:10种锦鸡儿在长期适应各自生境的过程中,叶片表面微形态结构和叶肉细胞结构均表现出明显的适应特征。10种锦鸡儿属植物的叶片形态结构适应特征聚为3类,第1类主要特征是气孔、叶片厚度和表皮细胞厚度大,绒毛盖度和叶片组织结构紧密度小;第2类是绒毛盖度较大,栅栏组织厚度和叶片组织结构紧密度小;第3类是栅栏组织厚度和叶片组织结构紧密度大,气孔、角质层厚度、叶片厚度和表皮细胞厚度小。根据隶属函数值,10种锦鸡儿属植物的抗旱性由大到小排列的顺序为卷叶锦鸡儿>荒漠锦鸡儿>短脚锦鸡儿>狭叶锦鸡儿>柠条锦鸡儿>小叶锦鸡儿>中间锦鸡儿>红花锦鸡儿>鬼箭锦鸡儿>刺叶锦鸡儿。
The leaves of 10 Caragana species in the desert region of northwestern China were selected as the objects. The leaf thickness, stoma density, plump cover, and stratum corneum thickness were measured by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The anatomical structure and epidermal micromorphology of mesophyll cells were studied. The adaptive characteristics of 10 species of Caragana korshinskii to the arid environment were explored. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to classify and fuzzy membership function of fuzzy mathematics to evaluate drought resistance. The results showed that in the long-term adaptation of 10 Caragana species to their respective habitats, the leaf surface morphology and mesophyll cell structure showed obvious adaptive characteristics. The leaf morphological and structural characteristics of 10 Caragana species were clustered into three groups. The first group was mainly characterized by stomata, thicker leaf thickness and epidermal cell thickness, smaller villus coverage and smaller leaf tissue structure. The second type was the villus cap The third one is the thickness of palisade tissue and the tight structure of leaf tissue, the thickness of stomata, the thickness of cuticle, the thickness of leaf and the thickness of epidermal cells. According to the membership function value, the order of drought resistance of 10 Caragana species was Caragana microphylla> Caragana microphylla> Caragana microphylla> Caragana microphylla> Caragana microphylla> Caragana microphylla> Caragana middle> Carambola> Ghost Caragana> Caragana microphylla.