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复杂小断块油藏因为断块的分隔作用,形成形态各异、断块碎小的独立开发单位。复杂小断块油藏在开发上存在着油藏能量较少,断块的面积小的特点,因此使用常规面积的井网实行注水开发是十分困难的,导致了油藏的产量逐年减少。本文结合复杂小断块油藏开发的特殊性和地质特点,在对储量进行最大限度控制的基础之上,将“少井高产”作为生产理念,使用水平井控制定向井、直井、优势油砂体的方式,对注采关系进行完善,最终形成完善的立体井网优化控制理论。在对立体井网进行部署的过程中,应该首先对以下几个特征进行考虑:油砂体的分布特征、断块规模、断块几何形态,同时对渗透率方向性和储层非均质性进行考虑,明确二者对水驱效果产生的影响。在对复杂小断块油藏进行开发的实践之中,使用立体井网理论的直井和水平井联合井网,能够比直井井网更有效的对复杂小断块油藏进行开发。
Due to the segregation of fault blocks, complex small fault block reservoirs form independent development units with different shapes and broken pieces. The development of complex small fault block reservoirs is characterized by low reservoir energy and small area of fault blocks. Therefore, it is very difficult to develop water injection using well patterns of conventional area, resulting in the decrease of reservoir production year by year. Based on the particularity and geological characteristics of the development of complex small fault block reservoirs, on the basis of maximum control of reserves, using “high productivity of less productive wells” as the production concept, using horizontal wells to control directional wells, vertical wells, advantages Oil sand body, improve the relationship between injection and production, eventually forming a sound three-dimensional well network optimization control theory. In the process of deployment of 3D well pattern, the following characteristics should be considered first: the distribution characteristics of oil sand body, the size of fault block and the geometry of fault block, and the permeability and reservoir heterogeneity Consider and clarify the impact of both on waterflooding effects. In the practice of developing complex small fault block reservoirs, the use of vertical wells and horizontal wells in combination with well patterns based on the three-dimensional well pattern theory enables the development of complex small fault block reservoirs more effectively than the single-hole pattern.