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目的了解湖南省长沙市城乡居民关于甲型H1Nl流感的知识、态度、行为现状,为开展社区健康教育提供依据。方法运用多阶段随机抽样的方法,对长沙市城乡地区14~65岁常住居民1 294人进行入户调查,调查内容包括个人基本资料、预防甲型H1N1流感相关知识态度行为、疫苗接种及对媒体需求等情况。结果 1294人中,不知道甲型H1N1流感流行者占14.1%;对甲型H1N1流感相关知识的知晓率为18.2%~88.6%,其中对感染甲流不一定会发热的知晓率最低(18.2%);农村居民的知晓率普遍低于城市和城镇居民;大流行期间外出戴口罩的比例为36.1%,就医戴口罩为39.3%;出现发热及呼吸道症状后选择自己买药治疗者占47.8%;在公共场所打喷嚏时用纸巾遮掩者为24.0%,在家打喷嚏时用纸巾遮掩者为24.7%;既往从未接种过普通流感疫苗者占80.3%;甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种率为10.4%,未接种者中不愿意接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗占37.1%。结论长沙市特别是农村地区居民对甲型H1N l流感及流感疫苗相关知识了解不足且不全面,个人防护意识差,进一步开展健康教育工作有利于加强流感防控。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of urban and rural inhabitants in Changsha City of Hunan Province on Influenza A (H1N1) influenza and provide the basis for community health education. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to investigate 1 294 permanent residents aged 14-65 years old in urban and rural areas of Changsha City. The survey included basic personal information, knowledge about the behavior of influenza A (H1N1), vaccination, Demand and so on. Results Among 1294 people, 14.1% were unaware of Influenza A (H1N1) epidemic, 18.2% ~ 88.6% were aware of the related knowledge of Influenza A (H1N1), of which the awareness of infection with Influenza A was not necessarily the lowest (18.2% ). The awareness rate of rural residents was generally lower than that of urban residents and urban residents. The percentage of out-of-pocket masks during the pandemic was 36.1% and that of medical masks was 39.3%. 47.8% chose to buy medicine after fever and respiratory symptoms occurred. Sneezing in public places cover 24.0% with tissue paper, 24.7% with tissue paper when sneezing at home; 80.3% have never before been vaccinated with common flu; vaccination rate of influenza A (H1N1) vaccine is 10.4% Unvaccinated persons do not want to vaccinate against type A H1N1 influenza vaccine accounted for 37.1%. Conclusion Residents in Changsha City, especially in rural areas, lack of knowledge about influenza A (H1N1) and influenza vaccine knowledge, lack of comprehensive awareness and poor personal protection awareness. Further education in health education will help to strengthen influenza prevention and control.