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选取玉米骨干自交系黄早四及其衍生系昌7-2、骨干系掖478及其衍生系郑58为试验材料,研究种植密度对玉米自交系产量和灌浆特性的影响。结果表明,与黄早四、掖478相比,昌7-2、郑58的产量构成改良明显,产量显著提高。在试验所设3个种植密度下,4个自交系产量均随种植密度的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,子粒灌浆过程均符合慢—快—慢的“S”形曲线,但各品种的灌浆参数差异较大。相关分析表明,粒重与平均灌浆速率、灌浆活跃期显著正相关,与最大灌浆速率、达最大灌浆速率所用时间无明显相关性。随种植密度的增加,粒重、最大生长速率等下降,平均灌浆速率等上升。衍生系昌7-2、郑58的子粒灌浆过程比骨干系黄早四、掖478对种植密度的敏感性更大。
The effects of planting density on yield and grain filling characteristics of maize inbred lines were studied by selecting Huangzao 4, a maize primary inbred line and its derived line Chang 7-2, a backbone line Xie 478 and its derivative Zheng 58 as test materials. The results showed that compared with Huangzao 4 and Ye 478, the yield components of Chang 7-2 and Zheng 58 were significantly improved and the yield was significantly increased. Under the three planting densities tested, the yield of four inbred lines tended to first increase and then decrease with the increase of planting density, and the grain filling process all accorded with the slow-fast-slow-type “S” curve. Varieties of the grouting parameters vary greatly. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between grain weight and average grain filling rate and active grain filling stage, but no significant correlation with grain filling rate and maximum grain filling rate. With the increase of planting density, grain weight, the maximum growth rate decreased, the average filling rate increased. Derived lines Chang 7-2, Zheng 58 of the grain filling process than the backbone Huangzao Si, tuck 478 more sensitive to the planting density.