启发式作为一种积极主动的教 学方法,为古今中外教育家所推崇。我国春秋末年的孔子,提出了“学而不思则罔”、“不愤不启,不悱不发”的启发式教育思想。古希腊的哲学家苏格拉底在教导他的门徒时,曾经采用一种叫做“产婆术”的启发式教学方法,把自己的教学活动比做“助产婆”,是为别人接生,不是替别人生孩子,引导学生学习要靠自己。毛泽东同志更是一惯主张实行启发式教学,早在古田会议决议中就提出了“十大教授法”,特别强调启发式,废止注入式。 As a kind of proactive teaching method, heuristic is praised by ancient and modern educators at home and abroad. In the late Spring and Autumn Period in China, Confucius put forward the heuristic education thought of “learning without thinking but ignoring it” and “not indignant, insignificant or not”. When the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates taught his disciples, he used a heuristic teaching method called “maternity” to compare his teaching activities to “midwife” to deliver for others, not for People have children, guide students to learn to rely on their own. More often than not, Comrade Mao Zedong used to advocate heuristic teaching. As early as the Gutian Conference resolution, he proposed the “Ten Professors Law,” with special emphasis on heuristic and abolition of injection.