20世纪20、30年代,当西方科学考古学刚刚传人中国之时,即由中国国家学术机构组织了一次对河南安阳殷墟的大规模发掘。此次发掘影响深远,它不仅为中国的田野考古发掘确立了一系列技术、方法体系,而且还规定了考古学在中国的发展方向和目标。可以说中国考古学根植于安阳殷墟的传统。本文旨在通过梳理早年殷墟发掘与研究的具体史料,尝试浅述这一重要学术传统的形成。20世纪初是一个深刻变革的时代。政治上,五四运动高举反封建的大旗,给陈朽 In the 1920s and 1930s, when Western scientific archeology was first introduced to China, a large-scale excavation of the Yin Ruins of Anyang in Henan Province was organized by the Chinese state academic institutions. The excavation has a far-reaching impact. It not only established a series of technical and methodological systems for field archeological excavations in China, but also stipulated the direction and objectives for the development of archeology in China. It can be said that Chinese archeology is rooted in the tradition of the Yin Ruins of Anyang. This paper attempts to sort out the formation of this important academic tradition by combing the specific historical materials of the early Yin Dynasty excavation and research. The early twentieth century was a time of profound change. Politically, the May Fourth Movement held high the anti-feudal banner and gave Chen Xuanzhan