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河南省南街村作为小区域内极具特色的公有制经济体,其存在、发展、变迁是一个谜团。这个谜团的表现就是,其所实行的公有制经济体制似乎与中国其他区域存在明显的差别。由这些差别形成的张力就是我们的研究问题。本文首先提出了一个表面化的、常识性的回答,进而又提出了一个深层次的、更加有效的解释。概言之,本文认为南街村的存在、发展、变迁是上层领导集体认可的、发展公有制经济的探索方式之一;本质上,上层领导集体认为应该有多种方式,而不是唯一的方式来实现共产主义。具体来说,领导集体中可能存在着次级意见团体,正是次级意见团体的存在与力量对比才是南街村生存、发展、变迁的根本原因;同时这也是一个典型的构建和谐社会的例证。最后我们使用这个解释得到了两个有意义的推论:①南街村的未来很可能导向市场经济模式,而非以现有的方式存在;②未来的中国很难产生更多的“南街村”。
As a characteristic public-owned economy in a small area, Nanjie Village, Henan Province, whose existence, development and changes are a mystery. The mystery is that the public-owned economic system in which it operates appears to have a clear difference from the rest of China. The tension created by these differences is our research question. This paper first presents a superficial and common-sense answer, and then proposes a deeper and more effective explanation. To summarize, this paper argues that the existence, development and change of Nanjie Village are one of the exploration ways for the development of the public-owned economy which is recognized by the upper-level leadership groups. In essence, the upper-level leadership groups think there should be many ways instead of the only way Realization of communism. Specifically, there may exist subordinate opinion groups in the leadership collective. It is the comparison of the existence and strength of the sub-opinion body that is the fundamental reason for the survival, development and change of Nanjie Village. At the same time, it is also a typical example of building a harmonious society illustration. Finally, we use this explanation to make two meaningful inferences: (1) The future of Nanjie Village is likely to lead to a market economy rather than existing means; (2) it is very difficult for future China to produce more “South Street village”.