90年代以来，随着国际竞争的焦点开始向经济和科技领域转移，一个新的科技兴国的浪潮正在全世界兴起。许多发展中国家依靠科技进步，振兴国民经济，取得了令人瞩目的成就。联合国教科文组织《1996年世界科学报告》指出，90年代中期，发展中国家经济面貌之所以发生巨大变化，科 Since the 1990s, as the focus of international competition has started to shift to the fields of economy and science and technology, a new wave of rejuvenating science and technology is rising all over the world. Many developing countries have made remarkable achievements in relying on scientific and technological progress and rejuvenating the national economy. The UNESCO World Science Report 1996 pointed out that in the mid-1990s, the economic landscape of developing countries changed dramatically.