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以海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林3块1 hm~2样地为研究对象,利用11个林冠功能性状结合样地地形及林冠乔木树种样地清查数据,分别基于单维性状和多维性状比较物种多度加权对群落功能离散度指数——平均成对距离(MPD)和平均最近类群距离(MNTD)的影响;同时分析林冠层功能丰富度(FRic)与物种丰富度之间的关系,最后利用零模型探讨不同生境类型下标准化效应MPD和MNTD(经过物种多度加权且剔除群落物种丰富度差异影响)的变化,进而评价林冠层群落水平功能多样性格局及其对局域生境异质性的响应.结果表明:功能性状维度和物种多度对MPD的影响强烈,不同维度功能性状多度加权前后MPD相关性较弱(R=0.359~0.628);但对MNTD的影响相对较弱,不同维度功能性状多度加权前后MNTD相关性较强(R=0.746~0.820);未经物种多度加权的MPD和MNTD均普遍高估了林冠层的功能离散度.林冠层功能丰富度与物种丰富度基本呈指数相关关系(F=128.20;R~2=0.632;AIC=97.72;P<0.001),且功能丰富度很有可能存在一定的物种丰富度阈值.基于不同维度功能性状的林冠层功能多样性格局及其生境响应存在一定的差异性.在生物竞争激烈的低沟生境中,林冠层功能多样性倾向于比预期零模型随机产生的功能多样性高,林冠树种功能性状表现出离散分布;而在其他生境类型中,林冠层功能多样性倾向于接近或低于随机产生的功能多样性,林冠树种功能性状随机或聚集分布.
Taking 1 hm ~ 2 plots of tropical montane rain forest in Jianfengling, Hainan as the research object, 11 functional statistics of canopy were combined with the inventory data of the sample plots of the canopy and canopy trees to compare the species abundance We also analyzed the relationship between functional richness (FRic) of forest canopy and species richness, and finally analyzed the relationship between plant functional dispersity index (MPD) and average nearest-neighbor distance (MNTD) The changes of standardized effects MPD and MNTD under different habitat types (under the influence of species abundance weighting and the exclusion of community species richness difference) were discussed to evaluate the functional diversity pattern of canopy community level and its response to local habitat heterogeneity. The results showed that functional trait and species abundance had a strong influence on MPD, and the correlation between MPD and MPD was weaker (R = 0.359-0.628) before and after multi-degree weighted functional traits. However, the effect on MNTD was relatively weak, and the functional traits The correlation between MNTD before and after multi-degree weighted (R = 0.746 ~ 0.820) was stronger than MPD and MNTD without multi-degree weighted (F = 128.20; R ~ 2 = 0.632; AIC = 97.72; P <0.001), and it is very likely that there is a certain threshold of species richness based on the functional traits of different dimensions There are some differences in functional diversity pattern and habitat response of canopy in the low-furrow habitat where biotic competition is intense, functional diversity of forest canopy tends to be higher than those randomly generated by expected zero model, and functional traits of canopy tree species In other habitat types, functional diversity of canopy layer tends to be close to or lower than that of randomly generated functional diversity, and the functional characters of canopy tree species distribute randomly or aggregately.