这是一个工人同志给我们寄来的稿子。他这些建议是值得注意的,虽说讲得比较朴素,比较简单。文艺作品要有更高的典型性,不应该限于只写一件一件的『实际事儿』,而必须由作者根据许多许多『实际事儿』来加以综合,想像,虚构。但是,如果我们没有相当充分的生活经历,没有相当有把握的概括和加工的能力,用速写、散文、报告等短小形式来写,本来就多少有些典型性的『实际事作』,却又的确是比较容易写得好的。文艺作品又要求有高度的技巧。这就是平常所说的艺术的加工。真正的好艺术家的技巧和加工常常是天衣无缝,是经过了千锤百练却看不出痕迹,是很自然,很平易,同时又很吸引人。这个工人同志所反对的『花招』却是一种低劣的『技巧』。的确,一切装腔作势,扭扭捏捏,以形式的花样来文饰内容的空虚的『花招』或『技巧』都是应该反对的。不过我们绝不可以因为反对低劣的『花招』而就忽视一切技巧和加工。相反的,要提高我们的作品的艺术水平,细心地正确地去研究学习中外古今的名著的技巧,正是一个很重要的方法。与技巧问题有关的,这个工人同志所提出的『要写得切实』,也应该解释为是要求作家把客观事物写得入情入理,能够造成一种艺术的真实感,并不是文学作品要写得像传播技术知识的读物一样。 This is a manuscript sent by our comrade workers. His suggestions are noteworthy, although they are simpler and simpler. Literary works should be more typical, and should not be limited to writing only one piece of “actual things”, but must be synthesized by the author based on many “actual things”, imagination, and fiction. However, if we do not have quite a full life experience, we do not have the ability to generalize and process it with certainty, and we use shorthand, prose, reports, and other short forms to write, but there are some typical “actual works” but they do It is easier to write well. Literary works also require a high degree of skill. This is the art of ordinary art. The skills and processing of a truly good artist are often seamless. After a long period of training, they do not see traces. They are natural, very easy, and attractive. The “trick” that this comradely worker opposes is a kind of inferior “skill.” It is true that all emptiness, tricks, and tricks that should be manipulated in the form of patterns must be objectionable. However, we must not ignore all tricks and processing because we are opposed to inferior trickery. On the contrary, it is an important method to improve the artistic level of our works and carefully and correctly study the techniques of learning Chinese and foreign masterpieces. Related to the question of skill, the “comprehensive writing” put forward by this worker comrade should be interpreted as requiring the writer to write objective things into the truth and to create an artistic sense of reality. It is not that literary works should be written like The same thing as the dissemination of technical knowledge.