法国历史学家费尔南德·布劳德尔在他所著的《日常生活的结构》一书中论述技术的传播时说: “人们做什么事情或多或少都要靠技术,不管是做极其复杂的事,还是做相当简单的事;不管是飞跃的革命变革(如火药、远洋航行用的指南针、印刷术、风车、水车和机器的发明创造),还是工序与工具的缓慢改进以及无数不能立竿见影而要日积月累才能见效的微小革新;不管是水手驾驶船只,矿工挖掘坑道,还是农民耕地或铁匠打 In his book The Structure of Daily Life, the French historian Fernand Braudel discusses the spread of technology: "People do more or less with technology, be it extreme Complex things are still fairly easy to do; whether it’s leaps of revolutionary change (such as gunpowder, compass for ocean-going sailing, invention of windmills, water tankers and machines), slow improvements in processes and tools, Minor innovations that do not take immediate effect and survive over time; whether sailors drive ships, miners dig tunnels, farmer-cultivated land or blacksmiths