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孔子自五十五岁弃官离鲁,到六十八岁离卫返鲁,前后在外凡十四年。这十四年是他生活波浪最大、奔走地方最多、观察社会最广泛、深刻的时期,也是最后形成其思想体系的时期。对这个重要时期,学术界讨论得还很不够。对出走的原因,周游的目的,居卫居陈的因由和周游的成败问题,认识还很不一致,有的甚至概括说孔子的出游,是“若丧家之狗,一事无成”,或说是“到处碰壁,大败而归”等等。他为什么出走呢?他是不是一事无成大败而归呢?……应进一步研究,下面谈几点认识,以向方家求教。
Since he was 55 years old, Confucius left office and went to Lu to return to Lu 68 at the age of sixteen years ago. These fourteen years are the periods of the greatest wave of his life, the most running places, the most extensive and profound social observation period, and the last period in which his ideological system was formed. Academic discussions are not enough at this important time. On the reasons for the departure, the purpose of traveling, the reasons for Habitat residence Chen and travel success or failure, understanding is still very inconsistent, and some even summed up the travel of Confucius, is “if funeral dog, nothing”, or “everywhere Run into the wall, defeated ”and so on. Why did he leave the country? Is not it a matter of failing to defeat it? ... Should be further studied, the following talk about a few points to seek advice from the side.