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目的通过病例-对照研究探索女性乳腺癌的危险因素,为制定乳腺癌预防措施提供科学依据。方法选取1148例初诊的乳腺癌患者作为病例组,根据年龄和月经史按1∶2频数匹配健康对照2229例,收集两组的人口学特征资料和体重指数(BMI)、治疗前雌二醇(E2)检测结果,采用单因素和多因素Logistic分析乳腺癌的危险因素。结果病例组绝经患者占40.59%,对照组绝经者占39.08%。单因素分析中,妊娠、生育、流产、哺乳次数多,初潮年龄晚者,罹患乳腺癌风险降低(P﹤0.05);BMI越高,罹患乳腺癌的风险越高(P﹤0.05);而E2水平与罹患乳腺癌风险无关(P﹥0.05)。非条件Logistic多元回归分析显示,初潮年龄、妊娠次数、生育次数均为保护因素。结论女性乳腺癌发病与月经、生育史有关。妊娠或生育均为乳腺癌的保护因素,初潮年龄越早,罹患乳腺癌的风险越高。
Objective To explore the risk factors of breast cancer in women through case-control study and provide a scientific basis for the development of breast cancer prevention measures. Methods A total of 1148 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients were selected as the case group. According to the age and menstrual history, 2229 healthy controls were matched according to 1: 2 frequency. The demographic characteristics and body mass index (BMI) E2) test results, using univariate and multivariate Logistic analysis of breast cancer risk factors. Results The cases of menopausal patients accounted for 40.59%, the control group 39.09% of menopause. In univariate analysis, the risk of breast cancer was lower (P <0.05); the higher the BMI was, the higher the risk of breast cancer was (P <0.05); while the E2 The level was not related to the risk of breast cancer (P> 0.05). Non-conditional Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that menarche age, number of pregnancies, number of births were protective factors. Conclusion The incidence of female breast cancer and menstruation, fertility history. Pregnancy or childbirth are breast cancer protective factors, the earlier menarche, the higher the risk of breast cancer.