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表面等离激元(SPP)存在于金属和介质界面,是光场和金属表面自由电子相互作用而产生的电子集体振荡行为.一方面,由于在金属纳米颗粒表面会形成局域的SPP震荡(LSP),可以调控金属表面附近分子的发光性质,因此,很多研究者尝试在有机电致发光器件(OLED)中引入金属纳米颗粒,利用LSP改善OLED器件性能;另一方面,在传统发光器件中,由于金属表面等离激元的波矢量和自由光波的波矢量不匹配,无法辐射成自由光波,最终只能以热能的形式耗散掉.通过改变金属表面形貌,如附加光栅结构等方法,使得SPP的能量能够耦合成自由光,从而提高发光器件的外量子效率.利用SPP来提高有机发光器件的效率,已经引起广泛的关注,本文着重综述以下两个方面的工作:一是采用金属纳米颗粒的LSP提高荧光分子辐射跃迁的几率,从而提升发光器件的内量子效率;二是利用有序或无序光栅结构使得SPP与自由光的波矢匹配来提高器件的耦合出光,从而提升外量子效率.
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) exist at the metal-dielectric interface and are responsible for the electron-collective oscillatory behavior caused by the free electrons interacting with the metal surface. On the one hand, due to localized SPP oscillations on the surface of metal nanoparticles LSP) can regulate the luminescent properties of molecules near the metal surface. Therefore, many researchers try to introduce metal nanoparticles in organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs) to improve the performance of OLED devices using LSPs. On the other hand, in conventional light-emitting devices , Due to metal surface plasmon wave vector and free light wave vector does not match, can not be radiated into free light wave, and ultimately dissipate only in the form of thermal energy by changing the metal surface morphology, such as additional grating structure method , So that the SPP energy can be coupled into free light, thereby increasing the external quantum efficiency of the light emitting device.Using SPP to improve the efficiency of the organic light emitting device has attracted wide attention, this article focuses on the following two aspects of the work: First, the use of metal The LSP of nanoparticle increases the probability of the transition of the fluorescence molecule radiation to enhance the internal quantum efficiency of the light-emitting device. The second is to use the ordered or unordered grating structure To give the free SPP wave vector of light to improve light out coupling matching device, so as to enhance the external quantum efficiency.