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自然分娩有可能引起新生儿视网膜出血,小量出血常于数天内消退,大量出血有时可持续达3个月之久。一般认为剖腹产的新生儿很少发生这类并发症。视网膜出血多发生在第二产程。von Barsewisch在《围产儿视网膜出血》一书中曾指出:第二产程时间长短与新生儿视网膜出血密切相关。Neuwei1ev等发现第二产程延长则视网膜出血发生率增高,不过未说明麻醉方法。 Crawford曾指出腰部硬膜外麻醉可使第二产程显著延长,器械助产的机会增多。作者曾对比新生儿严重视网膜出血发生率,
Natural childbirth may cause neonatal retinal hemorrhage, a small amount of bleeding often subsided within a few days, massive bleeding can sometimes last up to 3 months. It is generally believed that neonatal caesarean section rarely occur such complications. Retinal hemorrhage occurred in the second stage of labor. von Barsewisch in the “perinatal retinal hemorrhage,” a book has pointed out: the length of the second stage of labor and neonatal retinal bleeding are closely related. Neuwei1ev and other found that prolonged second stage of the increase in the incidence of retinal hemorrhage, but did not say the method of anesthesia. Crawford has pointed out that lumbar epidural anesthesia can significantly prolong the second stage of labor, the chance of midwifery increases. The authors have compared the incidence of severe neonatal retinal hemorrhage,