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作为古希腊和古代中国的两位大师,柏拉图与老子都希冀通过道德教育塑造理想的道德楷模,即“哲学王”和“圣人”。然而作为拥有最高德行的圣人和哲学王,二者的生存状态却迥然相异。柏拉图的“哲学王”作为整个城邦的统帅,拥有至高无上的权力,其站立在“金字塔”的最顶端,如同诸星之神的“太阳”那般光芒万丈,高调与进取是其基本的生存状态;而在老子的理论中,“圣人”拥有最接近“道”的“水”之品格,行事为人低调而内敛。
As two great masters of ancient Greece and ancient China, both Plato and Lao Tzu hope to mold their ideal moral models through moral education, that is, “the king of philosophy” and “the saint.” However, as the saint and philosopher of the highest morality, their living conditions are quite different. As the commander in chief of the entire city, Plato has the supreme power and stands at the very top of the “pyramid”, just as the “sun” of the gods of the stars is so radiant, high-profile and aggressive Its basic state of being. In the theory of Lao Tzu, “Sage” has the character of “water” which is the closest to “Dao” and behaves in a low-key and restrained manner.