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目的评价儿童含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV)接种综合干预效果。方法从中国儿童预防接种信息管理系统抽取200名未及时接种麻疹疫苗的儿童,采用电话随访的方法调查未及时接种麻疹疫苗的原因;针对原因制定为期一年的综合干预,比较干预前后麻疹疫苗初免接种及时率以评价干预效果。结果调查185名儿童家长,儿童MCV初免未及时接种的主要原因分别是儿童身体不适(38.38%),迁到其他社区或回原籍(30.81%),天气差、距离远、家长没时间等(11.35%)。系统干预后,儿童MCV初免接种及时率由85.12%提高到88.16%(P<0.05)。结论儿童MCV初免未及时接种的主要原因为患病或流动;开展电话追踪及健康教育讲座等主动干预可提高儿童麻疹疫苗接种及时率。
Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention in children with measles-containing vaccine (MCV). Methods A total of 200 children who did not receive the measles vaccine were collected from China’s vaccination information management system and telephone follow-up was used to investigate the reasons why the measles vaccine was not timely vaccinated. The comprehensive intervention for one year was established according to the reasons. Vaccination rate in time to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results A total of 185 children were investigated. The main causes of premature immunization of children with MCV were: maternal discomfort (38.38%), relocation to other communities or back to origin (30.81%), poor weather, long distance, lack of time for parents, etc. 11.35%). After systematic intervention, the timely rate of MCV vaccination in children increased from 85.12% to 88.16% (P <0.05). Conclusion The main cause of premature immunization of MCV in children is sickness or infiltration; the active intervention such as telephone tracing and health education lectures can improve the timeliness of measles vaccination in children.