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目的了解通江县麻疹疫情现状和人群麻疹免疫水平,为制订麻疹疫情针对性干预策略和措施提供可靠依据。方法采用Excel2003对2008-2015年麻疹疫情进行数据处理,2014年检测人群麻疹免疫水平,根据不同年龄、不同性别、不同地区麻疹抗体阳性率分析麻疹免疫水平。结果 2008-2014年该县麻疹疫情处于年均发病率低于1/10万的低流行散发状态,2015年发病率明显上升至8.97/10万;2014年共监测健康人群麻疹抗体标本180份,抗体阳性率仅为35.00%,各年龄段之间有显著性差异(χ2=36.567,P<0.05),男女之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.562,P>0.05)。结论通江县2014年健康人群麻疹抗体阳性率明显低于国家规定指标和其他地区,高年龄段尤其显著,未形成有效免疫保护屏障是导致该县2015年麻疹疫情暴发的直接因素,估计今后该县还有多点小规模麻疹暴发,建议该县及时开展适龄人群麻疹疫苗强化免疫接种以尽快补充建立起相关人群免疫保护屏障。
Objective To understand the status quo of measles epidemic and the level of measles immunity in Tongjiang County and provide a reliable basis for formulating targeted intervention strategies and measures for measles epidemic situation. Methods The data of measles epidemics in 2008-2015 were processed by Excel2003. The level of measles immunity was tested in 2014, and the measles immunity level was analyzed according to the positive rate of measles antibody in different age, gender and area. Results The epidemic situation of measles in this county during 2008-2014 was at a low prevalence of less than 1/10000 with an average annual incidence of 8.97 / 100 000. In 2014, 180 measles antibody samples were collected from healthy people, The positive rate of antibody was only 35.00%. There was significant difference among all age groups (χ2 = 36.567, P <0.05). There was no significant difference between male and female (χ2 = 6.562, P> 0.05). Conclusion The positive rate of measles antibody in healthy population of Tongjiang County in 2014 was significantly lower than that of national regulations and other regions, especially in the high age group. The lack of an effective immune protection barrier was the direct factor that caused the outbreak of measles in 2015 in this county. County there are more small-scale measles outbreak, it is recommended that the county in a timely manner to carry out age-specific measles vaccine immunization to supplement the establishment of the relevant population immunoprotective barrier.