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目的 了解广东省深圳市病毒性腹泻的病原学特征,为腹泻的防治提供依据.方法 采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR)对2011年深圳市1 158例疑似腹泻患者粪便标本同时进行轮状病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒四种常见腹泻病毒的核酸检测.结果 轮状病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒的阳性率分别为22.02％、19.43％、1.30％和1.47％.轮状病毒和诺如病毒全年各月均维持较高的感染率;轮状病毒感染有明显的季节特征,秋冬季为发病高峰;诺如病毒感染的季节特征则相反,秋冬季较低,春夏季较高.5岁以下年龄组患者的病毒性腹泻感染率显著高于5岁以上年龄组患者.结论 2011年深圳市病毒性腹泻呈高发状态,轮状病毒和诺如病毒是最主要的病原,其次为星状病毒与肠道腺病毒.应全年加强对病毒性腹泻,尤其是婴幼儿病毒性腹泻病原的监测.“,”Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of virus-induced acute diarrhea in Shenzhen in 2011 and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea.Methods During January 2011 to December 2011,1 158 stool samples were collected from patients with suspected diarrhea and were tested for the presence of rotavirus,norovirus,astrovirus and enteric adenovirus using real-time polymerase reaction (real-time PCR).Results The most common virus was rotavirus (22.02％),followed by norovirus (19.43％),enteric adenovirus (1.47％),and astrovirus (1.30％).Both of the positive rates of rotavirus and norovirus were kept in a high level in each month in 2011,with rotavirus showed a peak in autumn and winter,while norovirus did not showed such feature.The infection rate of viral diarrhea among the patients 0～ year of age was significantly higher than that of the patients ＞5 years of age.Conclusion The infection rate of viral diarrhea was kept in a high level in Shenzhen in 2011.Both of rotavirus and norovirus were the major etiological agents of viral diarrhea.Contrarily,the infection rates of astrovirus and enteric adenovirus were much lower than those of rotavirus and norovirus.The surveillance on viral diarrhea,especially among infants,should be emphasized all around the year.