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传统煤化作用理论认为,煤层气生成是煤中有机质在地层温度/压力或微生物作用下发生降解或裂解的结果,近年来国内外相关研究成果却对这一传统理论提出了重大质疑。为此,从沉积有机质中具有催化作用的矿物/金属元素、催化模拟实验与其结果表征、催化作用机制3个方面,总结了国内外关于有机质催化生气作用研究的进展,讨论了本领域今后研究工作的重点和发展方向。认为在模拟煤中有机质的矿物/金属元素催化生气时,应考虑有机质和无机质之间的相互作用,兼顾矿物与矿物之间的反应,使之尽可能接近于真实的地层条件;以地质学和化学两大学科的理论为基础,借鉴化工界研究成果,在微观层面上深入研究煤中有机质—无机质作用的态—态催化作用、选键催化作用和微观反应机理。建议重视煤岩学、煤中矿物学、煤无机/有机地球化学与催化化学的综合研究,探究煤中矿物/金属元素催化生气的实质,寻找催化生气的判识标志,针对具体对象建立定量的催化反应速率数学模型和催化生气产率数学模型。
The traditional theory of coalification suggests that the formation of coalbed methane is the result of the degradation or cracking of organic matter in coal by the temperature / pressure of the formation or the action of microbes. In recent years, relevant research results have raised serious questions about this traditional theory. Therefore, from the aspects of depositing minerals / metal elements with catalytic role in the deposition of organic matter, catalytic simulation experiments and characterization of their results, and their catalytic mechanisms, the progress in the research on the catalysis of organic matter catalysis at home and abroad is summarized. The future research work in this field The focus and direction of development. It is considered that the interaction between organic matter and inorganic matter should be considered when simulating the mineral / metal element catalysis of organic matter in coal, and the reaction between mineral and mineral should be considered as close as possible to the real formation condition; Based on the theory of chemistry and chemistry, draws lessons from the research achievements of chemical industry, and studies the state-state catalysis, the key-election catalysis and the microscopic reaction mechanism of organic matter-inorganic effect in coal at the microcosmic level. It is suggested to pay attention to the comprehensive study of coal petrology, mineralogy in coal, inorganic / organic geochemistry and catalytic chemistry of coal, to explore the essence of catalytic gas generation by minerals / metal elements in coal, to find the identification sign of catalytic gas generation, to establish quantitative Mathematical Model of Catalytic Reaction Rate and Mathematical Model of Catalytic Productivity.